Regulatory Enforcement + Compliance

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In December 2023, we blogged about lawsuits filed by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB or Bureau), the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), and later the State of Texas against Colony Ridge and related entities. The complaints alleged that Colony Ridge targeted Hispanic borrowers with deceptive Spanish‑language marketing, sold largely undeveloped and flood‑prone land, and engaged in predatory financing by steering borrowers into high‑rate, seller‑financed mortgage loans with extremely high foreclosure rates.

On January 29, the U.S. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry (AG Committee), led by Chairman John Boozman (R‑AR), advanced S. 3755, the Digital Commodity Intermediaries Act (DCIA), on a party-line vote. The DCIA builds on the bipartisan, House-passed CLARITY Act to create a federal registration and compliance regime for key digital asset intermediaries. The DCIA also would provide a clear legal definition of “digital commodities” and establish a spot market digital commodity intermediary regulatory regime with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). In the press release, Chairman Boozman framed the vote as “a critical step toward creating clear rules for digital asset markets” that protect consumers while allowing innovation to thrive.

In an unpublished memorandum decision, the Ninth Circuit in R.R. v. California Physicians’ Service d/b/a Blue Shield of California, affirmed the insurer and administrator’s denial of benefits for a dependent’s residential mental health treatment under an ERISA‑governed plan. The court applied abuse‑of‑discretion review and concluded that the denial was supported by the plan’s medical‑necessity criteria and the administrative record. The dissent, however, argued that the majority failed to meaningfully account for a structural conflict of interest and for the administrator’s handling of treating‑provider evidence and prior failed lower levels of care.

On January 26, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) released the Calendar Year 2027 Advance Notice of Methodological Changes for Medicare Advantage (MA) capitation rates and Medicare Part D payment policies. CMS projects a net average year‑over‑year MA payment change of just 0.09% — roughly a flat environment once medical trend, utilization, and other pressures are considered. CMS frames the proposal as improving “payment accuracy and sustainability,” with a focus on aligning payments more closely with actual beneficiary risk and care rather than documentation intensity.

On January 28, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC’s) Division of Corporation Finance, Division of Investment Management, and Division of Trading and Markets issued a joint statement explaining how existing federal securities laws apply when traditional securities are “tokenized” on blockchain or other crypto networks.

On January 29, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) Chairman Michael S. Selig and U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chairman Paul S. Atkins held a joint “Harmonization: U.S. Financial Leadership in the Crypto Era” event at CFTC headquarters in Washington, D.C. Billed as an opportunity to align the agencies’ approaches to digital assets and to advance President Trump’s goal of making the U.S. “the crypto capital of the world,” the event marked a clear pivot away from the fragmented, enforcement‑driven posture of prior years toward coordinated rulemaking and market‑structure reform.

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) have rescheduled their joint event, “SEC – CFTC Harmonization: U.S. Financial Leadership in the Crypto Era.” Originally planned for January 27, the program will now take place on Thursday, January 29, from 2:00 – 3:00 p.m. ET at CFTC headquarters in Washington, D.C.

On January 12, the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (DFPI) issued a second invitation for comments on potential regulations under the California Consumer Financial Protection Law (CCFPL) that would require registration and reporting by firms engaged in consumer reporting and related data activities. Comments are due by February 26.

On January 12, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and U.S. Department of Justice formally withdrew their October 2023 joint statement on creditors’ consideration of immigration status under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA). As we previewed in our December 23, 2025 blog post (available here), the agencies state that the CFPB’s prior statement may have created the misimpression that ECOA or Regulation B impose additional limits on the consideration of immigration or citizenship status beyond the existing regulatory text. The agencies also state that additional guidance on this topic goes beyond Regulation B, so it is unnecessary and appropriate for rescission.