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Virginia Bell Flynn

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Virginia is a first chair litigator with a diverse practice, representing clients in the health care and financial services sectors. Her managed health care work is focused on defending insurers, managed care organizations, and plan administrators in complex multiparty and single-plaintiff litigation. Virginia helps clients navigate a range of claims, including bad faith, breach of contract, ERISA, the Mental Health Parity Act (MHPA), out-of-network, and issues arising under common law. As a go-to advisor for some of the largest companies in the U.S., Virginia has litigated matters in more than 21 states.

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On July 20, Pennsylvania Governor Josh Shapiro signed Senate Bill 992 (the Bill) into law, with an effective date of October 19, 2026. The amendments modernize the Telemarketer Registration Act (the Act) for the first time in almost three decades to address today’s technology, including robocalls, text messages, ringless voicemails, and AI-generated messaging and impose new compliance obligations on businesses that contact Pennsylvania consumers by phone or text. Significant changes are discussed below.

On August 26, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced updated fees for telemarketers to access phone numbers listed on the National Do Not Call (DNC) Registry for Fiscal Year 2027, which begins October 1, 2026.

Background

All telemarketers calling consumers in the U.S. are required to download and cross-reference numbers listed on the National DNC…

On May 21, a panel of the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals heard argument in Steidinger v. Blackstone Medical Services on whether text messages are covered as “telephone calls” in § 227(c)(5) of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA). While questions asked by judges during oral arguments are no guarantee of how the court will ultimately rule, Judge Thomas K. Kirsch II and Judge Doris L. Pryor appeared skeptical of the plaintiff’s position that Congress intended “telephone call” to include text messaging in 1991. Judge Nancy L. Maldonado did not ask any questions. While we will need to wait for the decision, there is an excellent chance that the panel will hold that plaintiffs cannot sue over marketing text messages under § 227(c)(5), creating a potential circuit split with the Ninth Circuit’s opinion in Howard v. Republican National Committee that will need to be decided by the U.S. Supreme Court.

On April 30, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC or Commission) released a Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (FNPRM) that would significantly tighten “Know-Your-Customer” (KYC) obligations for originating voice service providers. The Advanced Methods to Target and Eliminate Unlawful Robocalls (CG Docket No. 17‑59) is the latest step in the Commission’s effort to attack illegal calls “at every point in their lifecycle.”

Recently, the Sixth Circuit issued a significant ERISA preemption ruling for employers and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs). The court held that Tennessee’s PBM laws, which require “any willing” pharmacy access and limiting incentives that steer members to plan‑favored pharmacies, are preempted as applied to self‑funded ERISA plans. The ruling draws a clear line between permissible PBM cost regulation and impermissible interference with plan design and administration.

The Fourth Circuit has affirmed a preliminary injunction barring enforcement of West Virginia’s S.B. 325, which sought to restrict how drug manufacturers implement contract pharmacy policies under the federal 340B Drug Pricing Program. In a published decision, the court held that manufacturers are likely to succeed on their claim that S.B. 325 is preempted because it impermissibly rewrites the “bargain” Congress struck with manufacturers under its spending power and interferes with the Health and Human Services’ (HHS) exclusive enforcement role.

In a decision of first impression, the Supreme Court of Virginia in Garofalo v. Di Vincenzo, defined what “evident partiality” means under the Virginia Uniform Arbitration Act (VUAA). The court held that a party seeking to vacate an arbitration award must show that a reasonable person, knowing all relevant facts, would conclude the arbitrator’s conduct signifies obvious bias against that party. Applying this standard, the court affirmed confirmation of a FINRA arbitration award and declined to vacate based on an arbitrator’s undisclosed, attenuated prior connections to one side.

On March 20, Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Chairman Andrew N. Ferguson issued a memorandum directing the creation of an internal Healthcare Task Force. The directive underscores that healthcare remains a top enforcement and policy priority for the FTC, reflecting the Administration’s focus on a “more competitive, innovative, affordable, and higher quality healthcare system.”

In this episode of The Consumer Finance Podcast, Chris Willis is joined by Troutman Pepper Locke Partners Chad Fuller and Virginia Flynn for a practical, forward-looking discussion of the TCPA landscape as part of the CFS Year in Review and Look Ahead series. They explain how courts’ reduced reliance on agency interpretations is creating both opportunity and uncertainty, why plaintiffs’ attorneys are shifting hard toward do-not-call (DNC) and prerecorded-message theories, and how ongoing battles over consent, revocation, and text-message exposure are changing class action risk. The conversation closes with guidance for in-house counsel on tightening DNC compliance, managing vendors, and structuring consent and opt-out processes.

In Bradford v. Sovereign Pest Control of Texas, Inc., the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit held that the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) does not require “prior express written consent” for telemarketing calls that use artificial or pre-recorded voice messages. Instead, the court concluded that the TCPA requires only “prior express consent,” which may be provided orally or in writing.