The legal and constitutional implications of New York’s Foreclosure Abuse Prevention Act (FAPA) are back in the spotlight as the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit again turns to the New York Court of Appeals for guidance. In Article 13 LLC v. Ponce De Leon Federal Bank, 132 F.4th 586 (2d Cir. 2025), the Second Circuit certified two key questions regarding the scope and retroactive application of FAPA — a statute that has significantly altered the foreclosure litigation landscape in New York.